Sex, Booze and Murder in Surry Hills. During the Second World War, Sydney became the destination for tens of thousands of US servicemen on rest leave. More on Surry Hills These ‘yanks’, as Sydneysiders typically called them, came to Sydney with pockets of cash and looking for a good time. Dancing, sex, drugs and booze were all high on the list for a good night out. By ELLIOT LINDSAY African-American Soldiers in Sydney during WWII American Servicemen in Sydney The demand for vice was insatiable, and huge profits were to be had for those who could deliver the goods. Consequently, behind the neon signs and cabaret acts lurked a violent underworld of gangs fighting their own war, a war for control of the markets of vice and pleasure. Being the centre of Sydney’s underworld, much of this war was fought on the streets of Surry Hills and Darlinghurst. In 1939, Surry Hills and Darlinghurst were still synonymous with sex, drugs and alcohol. However, after the bloodthirsty ‘razor wars', the old gangsters of the roaring twenties were primarily dead or serving long prison sentences. So, when the Americans arrived in Sydney, a new generation of young thugs began throwing their weight around for the spoils of war. East Sydney was about to enter a new golden age of gangsterism, vice and murder. But this time, although more profitable than the last boom, it would also result from one of Australia’s worst wartime secrets. Clubbing during WWII when US servicemen enjoyed recreation leave in Sydney Colour-Coded Service It was not just the soldiers who arrived from the United States but also their policies and customs of racial segregation. Although serving against the same enemy, blacks and whites were segregated. White American servicemen were allowed to flock to the nightclubs and theatres of King Street, Castlereagh Street and Martin Place and associate with the locals. African-Americans were not allowed the same privileges. Tragically, the US military police made it very clear that African American servicemen were only allowed to fraternise in the working-class slums of Surry Hills and Darlinghurst. In light of such policies, East Sydney became a ‘Little Harlem’ with venues like the Booker T Washington Black Soldiers’ Club, which opened at 207 Albion Street. Several brothels on Little Riley and Elizabeth Streets were also given green lights to operate, if they agreed to host black servicemen only. The Sydney underworld profited greatly from this treatment of African-Americans. Already American servicemen in Sydney were being charged a premium over locals. For example, a bottle of whiskey sold for £1 to an Australian was sold for £5 to an American. However, due to the restrictions placed on African-Americans, they were typically charged significantly more. Hence, much more money was to be made in Surry Hills and Darlinghurst than in the rest of Sydney. Trademan's Arms 1930 Little Harlem Included the Trademan's Arms During this period, one venue worth highlighting is the Tradesman’s Arms Hotel (today known as the East Village Hotel) on Liverpool Street, Darlinghurst. It was one of the few venues where African-Americans could drink with locals. Not surprisingly, many young women flocked to this hotel to fraternise with the ‘exotic’ black servicemen who offered a fun time. These women were referred to as ‘good time girls’ and were showered with gifts of chocolate, alcohol, cigarettes, clothing and dinners. As a result, the publican banned females from entering the hotel until the war's end. Although a new generation of gangsters had arrived, the old crims still exploited the war effort in various crafty ways. In 1942, Tilly Devine, the queen of Woolloomooloo, hosted a charity ball in the Maccabean Hall (today it is the location of the Sydney Jewish Museum) on Darlinghurst Road. The 350 guests included locals, various servicemen, and the who’s who of Sydney’s underworld, such as Frederick ‘Chow’ Hayes, Donald ‘The Duck’ Day and Nellie Cameron. But if you thought for a moment that the ball was to raise money for the war effort, you would be mistaken. Tilly was very kindly raising money for a local criminal who had fallen on hard times (went to gaol). Another war to end wars All good things must come to an end. By late 1944, most Americans had left Australia to fight in the Philippines. The easy money was gone. There were now too many snouts at the trough, and some had to go. A gangland war began, resulting in more than a dozen deaths across Sydney, peaking between December 1944 and May 1945. Much of the violence was in Surry Hills and Darlinghurst. For example, on New Year’s Day 1945, Eddie Weyman was found dead on the doorstep of his 19 Mary Street home from bullet wounds. Weyman sold counterfeit American cigarettes with Frederick ‘Chow’ Hayes and Donald ‘The Duck’ Day. It is alleged that ‘Chow’ was the one who shot Weyman. Donald ‘The Duck’ Day and his wife Irene operated a ‘private hotel’ at 358 Elizabeth Street, Surry Hills (it is still a private hotel today) that doubled as a brothel and sly grog shop. The business was one of the venues that catered to African Americans. Donald and Irene had separated in 1944 but still operated the hotel together. 428 Crown Street, Surry Hills, the former home of Irene Day. Photo: Elliot Lindsay On 27 January 1945, Donald was at a nightclub with his new lover Joyce Cusack when Irene confronted them, and an argument broke out, resulting in Irene glassing Joyce. Joyce spent the night in St. Vincent’s Hospital. The following day Donald and some associates went to 428 Crown Street, Surry Hills (today home to Pizza Fritta 180), where Irene had lived, and got into a fight with a man there named Keith Hull. The following day, Donald returned, but he was greeted by Hull again, except this time, Hull had a pistol. Donald was shot four times, including once in the face. He died instantly from his wounds. The gun was US Navy-issue and obtained from the two US servicemen boarding in the terrace next door. Then, in April 1945, an argument broke out in the Sunbeam Hotel on the corner of Riley and Albion Streets overlooking Frog Hollow (the hotel was demolished in the 1950s). Francis Wall, a returned war veteran, revealed a concealed Japanese pistol and shot two men dead. When the war finally ended in August 1945, the underworld war would take several months to burn out. But once it did, Surry Hills and Darlinghurst would not experience such bloodshed again until the 1960s when the ‘yanks’ returned, this time for the Vietnam war. But that is a story for another article… Sunbeam Hotel on the corner of Riley and Albion Streets, overlooking Frog Hollow. If you would like to learn more about the true-crime history of Surry Hills and Darlinghurst, consider booking a ticket on Elliot’s walking tour. -------------------------- Elliot Lindsay hosts Murders Most Foul, Sydney’s True Crime Walking Tours. Insta: https://www.instagram.com/murdersmostfoul/ FB: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100070235298375 =====================================

OzSun Shade Systems, made in Cronulla and here to keep you out of the harsh Australian sun. More on Cronulla Protecting yourself from the harsh climate in Australia is a local obsession, and there’s one company in Cronulla that knows all about it: Ozsun Shade Systems, specialists in awnings, shades and blinds. Interview on Ozsun Shade Systems with John Miller Ozsun has a history tracing back 141 years and is now, under the management of John Miller, owned and run by locals. Neighbourhood Media put some questions to John to learn more about Ozsun Shade Systems and why the team there are the leaders in awnings, blinds and shades. NSW gets the best of all seasons, so what is your recommendation when it comes to choosing shade products? It's all about the client’s outdoor lifestyle goals – do they need rain protection? Does it get windy where they live? The more we understand how our client envisages using their space now and in the years to come assists our team in determining the best products for the client. You recently worked with a local favourite, Next Door Cronulla - can you tell us a little about this project? Were their shade requirements just functional, or was there a design element that needed to be considered? We have worked with the Allouche family for many years, Cronulla needed another local spot, close to the beach with exceptional food. When we were approached to work on the project we were delighted to be able to assist with the fit out of Next Door. The Next Door project involved quite a few functional and design factors. The proximity to the ocean and the extreme wind in the area meant that we had to build and design a custom made awning with support brackets to keep the awning in place when the winds were high. The end result is two awnings which keep the atmosphere inside the restaurant cool, whilst also providing shade for the patrons as they dine alfresco sipping some of the best cocktails in the Shire. John, we understand you are a local, tell us a little about where you grew up and what you love about the area? I grew up in Gymea Bay and now live in the heart of Cronulla. What I love about the shire are its pristine beaches and waterways. There is always so much to explore! How did the business come about? I have worked in the outdoor awning business for around 25 years. When the previous owner of Ozsun asked me if I wanted to purchase the business in 2016, it was an absolute no brainer for me as Ozsun was considered (and still is) the pinnacle of the awning trade. It's an absolute privilege to be able to continue the tradition of providing quality awnings and shade systems to a business that has operated for over 141 years. To complete the business vision, It was only natural for me to want to bring the Ozsun business back home to the Shire, where we relocated our showroom and warehouse in 2020 from St Peters. We heard that the team at Ozsun are all locals too, was this a deliberate choice or something that just happened by chance? Having local staff was really important to me, it allows us to better understand the community, and what products are going to be suitable based on their location. It also assists us in being able to deliver quality services quickly and professionally, without the long commute and wait times associated with bookings. You have worked with some amazing companies in your 30 years of business, which project was your favourite? My favourite project was providing the tensioned roof over the circular dining area, overlooking Cronulla Beach at Sealevel [restaurant and bar]. It’s a stunning view, which called for strong architectural features. It's been up for many years and I look proudly upon it when taking my morning strolls along the Esplanade. How can our readers learn more about your products and services? Jump on to our website www.ozsun.com.au, have a quick browse and fill out our Contact form. We also have appointments available in our showroom or in the comfort of your own home. Our friendly team will be happy to assist you. W: www.ozsun.com.au/ A: 12/35 Wurrook Circuit, Caringbah NSW 2229 P: 02 9557 2251 Email

More on Marrickville By ALEC SMART Historically, Marrickville region featured high canopy forests, sandstone escarpments, mangroves and a massive, tidal swamp called ‘Gumbramorra’. This is part one of a two-part Marrickville history. Read part 2 here. Marrickville History and Origins For the Aboriginal clans that hunted, fished and gathered in this region, which they called ‘Bulanaming’, the Cooks River (known as Goolay'yari = ‘pelican’) and its estuaries were a rich source of food, including shellfish, crabs, fish, birdlife, plants and animals. To capture their prey they utilised a range of weapons and tools, such as shell or bone-tipped, multi-pronged fishing spears (‘mooting’), clubs (‘duwinal’), spears (‘gunang’), and throwing sticks (‘boomerangs’). Bark canoes (‘nawi’) were the principal means by which Aboriginal people cruised along the waterways. These were made from large sheets of bark prized from trees, heat-treated on an open fire to dry and open them out, then bound tightly at the ends to create a stable, watertight vessel. According to the publication Aboriginal History along the Cooks River, “Both men and women fished from the shore and in flotillas of bark canoes… Their canoes often contained a small fire burning on a clay pad, which women used to cook fish and shellfish as they fished. They also spat chewed up shellfish into the water as burley to lure fish onto their hooks.. “Groups of Aboriginal hunters used fire to herd and encircle kangaroos and wallabies. Possums and gliders were also hunted by smoking them out of trees and racing up the trunks using axe cut toe-holds to club them. Other animals that were most likely hunted around the Cooks River valley included bandicoots, echidnas, fruit bats, goannas, blue tongue lizards and long-necked tortoises. Aboriginal people also hunted birds and gathered bird eggs from the wetlands and forests along the river.” But for the British arrivals, whose diet and lifestyle was heavily dependent upon agriculture, requiring treeless fields and fenced-in stock farms, the dense forests and muddy mangroves surrounding Cooks River were inhospitable and treacherous. Especially the large Gumbramorra quagmire 13km south of Sydney Cove, prone to flooding and swarming with ferocious mosquitoes in summer. In 1790, Watkin Tench, who published two journals detailing the arrival of the First Fleet and the first four years of Sydney penal colony, described the swamp as ‘high coarse rushes, growing in a rotten spongy bog, into which we were plunged knee-deep at every step.’ Until the devastating 1789 Smallpox Plague eradicated large swathes of Sydney’s Indigenous people, the area now known as Marrickville was shared between at least two Dharug-speaking clans, the Cadigal and Wangal, which had their own distinct dialects. The Cadigal clans’ approximate interface with the neighbouring Wangal ran south-northeast from Gumbramorra swamp to the Pyrmont peninsula (Pirrama = ‘rocking stone’). There they shared a freshwater spring (which Britons named Tinker’s Well) on the headland overlooking Darling Harbour (Tumbalong = ‘place where seafood is found’). The Wangal lived west of the Cadigal, between the tidal upper reaches of Cooks River and the southern shores of the Parramatta River, and inland to the mangroves of Parramatta (Burrammatta = ‘place of eels’). The British Arrival in Marrickville Marrickville history changed dramtically with the establishment of the British penal colony, which expanded south with the arrival of the Second, Third and Fourth Fleets (1789-1792) bringing over 3500 prisoners and hundreds more settlers. In 1799 emancipated convict John Fincham was granted 12.1 hectares of the swampy Gumbramorra. However, he found it useless and uninhabitable, and instead relocated to Balgowlah. Carpenter Thomas Moore, appointed Master Boatbuilder to Governor Hunter in 1796, was issued land grants around the Cooks and Georges rivers to harvest timber for shipbuilding. This included forested land between Petersham Hill and the Cooks River in 1799, which he named Douglas Farm. Moore built the first ship in the new colony, the armed cutter HMCS Integrity, launched Jan 1804 by Governor King. In June 1805, Integrity sailed for Valparaiso, Chile, with a crew of 10 to escort home two Spanish ships seized by a privateer, but was never seen again. After Moore retired from shipbuilding in Oct 1809 to become a magistrate, barrister Robert Wardell, close friend of explorer-politician William Wentworth and founder of The Australian newspaper, settled in the Marrickville area. Wardell, for whom Wardell Rd is named, purchased more than 800 hectares, including the former estate of Thomas Moore, 10 hectares of which he converted to wheat growing. He also employed lumberjacks, although he sold timber mainly for firewood, not shipbuilding, and, like Moore, issued legal threats to deter rival timber-cutters. Eventually he enclosed his forests with fencing and imported English deer to establish a game estate to hunt with friends. Gumbramorra for Convicts Gumbramorra, meanwhile, developed a reputation as a sanctuary for escaped convicts. In 1834, Wardell announced plans to return to the UK, but on 7 Sept, whilst inspecting the southern Cooks River boundary of his property on horseback, he came across three escaped convicts in a makeshift humpy. He remonstrated with them to surrender to authorities, but the exchange became heated and John Jenkins, the leader of the trio, fatally shot Wardell through the heart. The irony is that Wardell, along with William Wentworth, were outspoken emancipists, championing the rights of convicts and those released into the community. They published articles calling for a democratically elected assembly and the abolition of military juries - much to the chagrin of the tyrannical Governor Darling (Wardell once fought a duel with Darling's brother-in-law). Suspicion remains that the powerful and progressive Wardell may have been deliberately murdered on the orders of persons unknown. Wardell’s body was found the day after his murder. The three convicts were recaptured almost a week later, one of whom, 16yo Emmanuel Brace, gave evidence for the prosecution, thus ensuring the other two, Jenkins and Thomas Tattersdale, were hanged. After his death, Wardell’s estate was administered by Wentworth and Wardell’s three sisters, who opened it up for subdivision to market gardeners, home builders and stonemasons assisting Sydney’s rapid expansion. Among the latter, Adam Schwebel, a German immigrant, established a stoneworks at Undercliffe, on the southern side of Cooks River, and quarried sandstone from across the district. Marrickville Population Grows The suburbanisation of Marrickville was underway, but the swamp still had to be drained.. Neighbourhood Media has written histories of several suburbs in Sydney. Read more on Balmain history here, Cronulla history here, and history of Sydney ferries here.

Neighbourhood Media chat to Blake Johnston, Cronulla local and founder of the Cronulla Surfing Academy How long have you lived in Cronulla? My whole life – 38 years. Describe your childhood growing up in the Shire? I was fortunate enough to have parents that grew up here in the Sutherland Shire. My dad was a core surfer in the ‘60s and ‘70s having grown up in Wyanbah Road, just over the hill from the beach. He was a brickie, then a builder, so we moved around a lot doing renovations, always within five mins from the beach. My most vivid memories are living on Elouera Road and walking over the hill at Wanda with Dad and my two older brothers, surfing until we couldn’t move. How old were you when you started surfing? I was dragged along with Dad and my brothers when I was six, but by eight I was frothing … and I still am! What does a day in the life of Blake Johnston look like? I wake up at 4am and run along The Esplanade from Oak Park to Greenhills and back, with a swim off the rocks to finish. I then head for a coffee with the old surf lords at Grind. By 6am I’m down at the surf school coaching. After the first session, I’ll go see my boys off to school. I sneak in brekkie before checking in on the 9.30 am class or coaching the ‘mother frothers’ classes. I then head up for a healthy lunch at Heart + Soul, Pilgrims, Press or DBowls. After that, I’m back at the beach as the schools arrive for surfing. I’m either in the water or organising the masses. Then it’s on to after-school sessions, where I love driving the bus. I let the kids DJ and froth them out before they have a quick snack and hit the waves for their session. I’ll surf between sessions and a few times a week go SUP-ing or mountain-bike riding. How did you get into barefoot running? How often do you do it ? I started barefoot running after I sustained a nasty reef cut on my heel that I got surfing in Indonesia. The wound wouldn’t heal as I was surfing so much, so I kept running on treadmills barefoot, as I was training for a marathon. When I returned home it was winter and shoes kept opening the wound and stopping it from healing. I kept up the barefoot running through the winter and ran my first marathon with no shoes, water, food or supplements. I was stoked with that. About 50 to 60 percent of my training is barefoot. Last week I did a run challenge: to run a minimum 8.5 kms every four hours for 48 hours and I did that barefoot totalling 107 kilometres. Damn, my feet were sore from that one! [Laughs] You were a pro surfer in the early 2000s. How far did you climb through the ranks and what were some of the highlights from being on the circuit? I did really well as a grom, winning state titles and multiple events. I had solid sponsorship support from 14 years old right through to the pro juniors until about 22. I got to go on a lot of international surf trips and received a tonne of editorial coverage, which kept the sponsors happy but my WQS ranking wasn’t where I could have been. I was hard on myself and really struggled with not having the success I had as a junior. I had a fixed mindset and it wasn’t helping. I got in the top 100 a couple of times but when I got the opportunity to take on Cronulla Surfing Academy my focus shifted to helping others enjoy what I love. My highlights from being a pro were the places I got to go. I filled up a passport with stamps from all corners of the world and I’m so grateful for that. That is what still sparks my sense of adventure. Being 15 on the other side of the world while your mates are at school was pretty cool. That travelling was my education for life. Your wife Lauren is also your business partner. How did you meet? Lauren was also born and raised in Cronulla. She went to private schools and I went to the local public schools. I never even saw her or met her till we were 20 and 21, when we met at a friend’s NYE party, which is also her birthday. Our working relationship is definitely the balance of opposites. Lauren is thorough, direct and organised and I’m high-energy, committed (but a bit scattered). I love what I do and it seems to work well, but I’m sure I’m a bit of hard work. What do you love about living and working in the area? What’s not to love? There are amazing waves, a beautiful coastline, national parks at our doorstep, beautiful rivers, a core surf community. We have so many amazing people here making this such a great place to live. You are one of the most recognised faces in the local area due to being the founder of Cronulla Surfing Academy. What is the best thing about your job? I get to share what I love and make people happy and stoked for a living. I’m also outdoors in my special place. I’m fortunate to work with awesome people who share the same passion. Locals who walk The Esplanade most days would have seen you running along it lately, rather than swimming in the water at dawn. What are you training for? Good Question. I’m honestly training for life and the idea of what is possible! I am a busy dad who values time with my family and the importance of being the best version of myself. I get up at 4 am and it’s my time, while Lauren and the kids are asleep. I can’t surf in the dark so I run. I plan to test myself in the future and see what I’m capable of. I have some pretty gnarly endurance adventures ahead but will also enter some races that allow me to see parts of the world I wouldn’t otherwise venture to. What made you start running? Just to be lighter and help me maintain and improve my level of surfing. I actually believe my best surfing is ahead of me. How would you describe yourself? And How would others describe you? I’m full-on! A bit feral, an eternal grom, energetic, supportive, caring and fiercely loyal. You have been vegan for about three years. What prompted you to switch to a plant-based diet? I became a vegan for no other reason than to listen to my body and gradually eliminate food groups. I took out processed sugar, then bread and wheat products … which was hard … and then, finally, dairy products. I was feeling great with less inflammation from my excessive training load. I then said to Lauren ‘I’m gonna try no meat.’ And that’s what I’ve done. What is the most difficult thing you have faced in your life and how did you get through it? My dad took his own life seven years ago. He was my hero and best mate to me and my brothers. I was broken. My own humble legend Dad? What I know now is that as difficult as it is, grief is natural and a part of the process and it is a reflection of pure love and admiration. It’s cliched, but adversity is an advantage. A big part of what inspires me and makes me passionate about my lifestyle is that I hope it will maybe prove to others that if a battler like me can go to extremes then they, too, can find the time to get after it and be the best version of themselves. You have two boys Bobby, eight, and Duke, six. What is the No. 1 life lesson you would like to teach them? Love with everything you have and always give 107 per cent. Lastly, what do you love most about the community of Cronulla where you call home? I love the diversity of people that Cronulla attracts. I have amazing individuals around me. The local surfing community is still so core and the young families we have met since the boys started school have brought together an eclectic crew from all walks of life. They include a Polynesian doctor, an entrepreneur, Aussie tradies, a Siberian sherpa … and all of us appreciate the beautiful people and place we call home. Interview By Carla Grossetti

After wrapping up this year’s International Women’s Day, we take a moment to reflect on the day’s roots in Australia & remember its continuing importance to women everywhere. Each year on March 8, International Women’s Day (IWD) gives an opportunity to champion women’s achievements and take a stand against gender inequality. “The vote for women will unite our strength,” marked the words of the first International Women’s Day over one hundred years ago in 1911, which evolved through the activism of American and European socialist women. In 1928, the first Australian IWD rally took place in the Sydney Domain, organised by the Militant Women’s Movement, calling for better working conditions, including equal pay, an 8-hour day, unemployment benefits and paid holidays. Three years later, Melbourne joined with their own rally, with both cities using IWD to demand, again, equal pay, alongside addressing other serious issues affecting women. After decades of operating as a grass-roots socialist movement, IWD was adopted by the United Nations in 1975, which officially declared March 8 as the day for women’s rights and world peace. Across the 1970s, Australia started to see larger crowds at IWD marches, advocating for improvements to women’s work, education, childcare, and reproductive rights. Over the last fifty years, IWD has continued to grow in momentum, especially in the mainstream compared to its more politically affiliated formative phase. These days, International Women’s Day oscillates between being a day of protest or celebration, depending on the country and political climate. The International Women's Development Agency (IWDA), a major advocate for IWD in Australia, says on their website, “IWD is a once-a-year chance to remind governments, businesses and everyone else watching that women aren’t going anywhere, and we’re prepared to take action to achieve our human rights.” The day inspires action for the same issues women first protested in the 20th century - such as decreasing violence against women and improving workplace and reproductive rights - while educating the public on new issues, like gender inequality caused by climate change and technological innovation. The UN has named the theme for IWD 2023, “DigitALL: Innovation and technology for gender equality.” The theme encourages the global community to recognise and support women and girls who are championing the advancement of transformative technology and digital education, while also exploring the digital gender gap and protecting the rights of women and girls in digital spaces. This year, many Australians gathered to observe IWD across a variety of marches and fundraising events. Even though the day has now passed, it’s not too late to celebrate by donating to a feminist cause, reading books by women from all walks of life or mentioning women you admire - whether from the media or your personal life - on social media.

Discover how a transformative trip to Sri Lanka and a serendipitous encounter with illustrative art sparked the genesis of Cronulla Folk nearly six years ago. More on Cronulla In a candid conversation, David Rees from Cronulla Folk shares insights into the digital illustration domain, the essence of locality, and the intriguing interplay between art and technology.  When did you start Cronulla Folk and how did it come about? So, Cronulla Folk came about after a trip to Sri Lanka and then a visit to a local art gallery on the South Coast, which was exhibiting illustrative artworks. I realised then that I wanted to move towards more of an illustration-based portfolio. It seemed obvious to begin art reflective of my local environment. That was almost 6 years ago, since then the work has led me to a much more rewarding career, creatively speaking, and I've been lucky enough to be commissioned by a number of great Aussie brands.  How many artists work out of your studio? It’s a one-man band - I am Cronulla Folk! Is all of your art based in/around Cronulla and the Sutherland Shire? Whilst I love basing my works on Cronulla, I’ve sold a heap of pieces based on other great Aussie destinations, and some international-based art too. How do you think the emergence of AI [computer-generated creations] will impact digital art and digital art makers? AI is definitely going to make the world of illustration a tougher place to work in. As a designer, I'm now using AI every day and it's only in its infancy. It's hard to predict how quickly it will replace the need for commercial digital artists, but I think eventually, and unfortunately, it will. Do you hold exhibitions? How can locals find your work? We don’t currently have any exhibitions planned, but we have sold art through many local galleries. We currently have several pieces on show at   Local & Yonder   in Cronulla Mall. Locals can also jump online and order from the website: cronullafolk.com As a Cronulla Local, what’s your favourite : Local Venue: Brass Monkey Coffee:  Mint Coffee Shop, Gunnamatta Shop: Cronulla Surf Co

French Flair in Sydney's Heart, Manu Feildel's bistro Red Lion lands in Rozelle The culinary scene in Sydney has recently played witness to a delectable transformation following the launch of Bistro Red Lion by Manu, nestled in the historic Red Lion pub. More on Balmain By Jamie Apps Helmed by celebrity chef Manu Feildel, this new bistro promises to bring a slice of French-inspired cuisine to the Inner West. The launch of this venture signifies a return to the restaurant kitchen for Feildel, after a four-year hiatus, and embodies his passion for creating memorable dining experiences. A Collaborative Culinary Journey In the words of Manu Feildel, the collaboration for Bistro Red Lion began with a discussion about the possibility of joining forces. "We started to chat about the possibility of joining forces about a year ago," he recalled. The development of the menu was a meticulous process, aimed at offering an approachable French bistro experience. Feildel emphasised that the menu was designed to be inclusive, "I definitely wanted to do a French bistro and we wanted it to be approachable by everyone. A few bites to start, then 5 entrees, 5 mains and 5 cheese/desserts." This venture also reunited Feildel with his longtime friend, Jamie Gannon, who has been the Group Executive Chef at Laundy Hotels for eight years. The collaboration was built on a solid foundation of friendship and mutual respect. "Jamie and I have known each other for about 10 years, through our friend Colin Fassnidge. Jamie is a good mate and easy to work with. Without him this collab probably never would have happened," Feildel shared. The synergy between the two chefs was evident as they each brought their unique strengths to the table, with Gannon offering support and guidance throughout the process. Crafting a Unique Dining Experience The development of the menu was a journey that evolved with the seasons. Feildel explained that they initially planned for a summer opening, which led to the creation of a summer menu. However, as plans shifted, so did the menu, ultimately resulting in a winter offering for the July launch. "We wanted to open before Christmas last year, so I developed a summer menu, then we thought after Christmas so then worked on an autumn menu and ended up with a Winter menu for July," he noted. Feildel’s vision for the bistro was clear from the start. He wanted the guests to feel at home, enjoying familiar yet refined flavours. At Bistro Red Lion by Manu, the menu features beloved recipes from Manu's family archives, and he describes it as focusing on “delicious, approachable food rather than aiming for the stars. I want guests at Bistro Red Lion by Manu to forget the outside world and feel as though they're dining at my home, enjoying a good bottle of wine.” The historic 196-year-old nature of the Red Lion pub was respected in the bistro’s design. Feildel mentioned that they made subtle changes to the space, ensuring it retained its charm while adding a French accent. "We didn't want to change much upstairs but gave it a good lick of paint, new carpets, tables, chairs - we didn't want to make too many drastic changes, just maintain what the Red Lion locals know and love but with a French accent," he explained. A Menu to Delight Every Palate Feildel's enthusiasm for the menu is palpable, with several items holding a special place in his heart.  "The scallop boudin from my old L'Etoile days is back on the menu, the Pâté is my dad's recipe, and the cheese soufflé is a winner too," he shared.  The bistro's menu is designed to evolve with the seasons, offering diners a fresh experience each time they visit. "We're planning to change the menu with the seasons, so 4 times a year," Feildel confirmed. The bistro aims to cater to a diverse clientele, from young adults to families with children and seniors.  "I'd say this restaurant is for everyone. So far we've had it all, 30-year-olds to 90-year-olds, families with children etc...," he said. This inclusive approach ensures that Bistro Red Lion by Manu is a place where everyone can enjoy a taste of Feildel’s culinary expertise. As the bistro opens its doors, Feildel plans to be a visible presence whenever possible, balancing his multiple commitments.  "I am a busy man and involved with multiple businesses and careers but yes, I am planning to spend time at the restaurant every time I've got the chance.”  With Feildel at the helm, Bistro Red Lion by Manu is set to become a beloved dining destination in Sydney’s vibrant culinary landscape. Red Lion, 726 Darling Street, Rozelle NSW Bistro Red Lion by Manu is situated on the first floor

More on Lane Cove The Stringybark Creek Reserve is popular with Lane Cove residents who seek a gentle walk amongst the shady gums and moss-covered sandstone caves. Yet how many would know that this reserve was where the gruesome case of Eugene Falleni transpired. A mystery that shocked the nation and became one of the most sensational murder trials of the early 20th century By Elliot Lindsay A pair of shoes (one with a repaired sole) and some jewellery were the only possessions found on the unfortunate female victim discovered in early October 1917. Unfortunately, the coroner could not be sure if she was murdered or took her own life. Although it appeared she was likely burnt alive. Only an empty kerosene container and an enamel mug offered any clue to her horrifying demise. The proclaimed Lane Cove Mystery was reported extensively across the nation. People came forward to view her remains. Tragically, it was revealed that many young women were missing in Sydney at the time, yet she appeared not to be one of them. As a result, the months passed, and the case went cold until it was finally archived and forgotten. Harry Birkett was fifteen years old when his mother left. He missed her dearly and never understood why she would just abandon him without a word. In 1920, at age seventeen, the memory of his mother was still strong in his heart, however now he was mature enough to seek answers. He long believed that she went to live with his aunty in Kogarah, and he decided to see her. But, strangely, his aunt hadn’t heard from his mother either since she had left. Birkett thought back to when his mother departed. He had gone away for the weekend at the end of September 1917 and returned to find her missing. He inquired with his stepfather about her whereabouts and learned she left them to be with a new man. As strange as it was, it was not impossible, as she and her husband, Harry Crawford, had been fighting a lot. But then he remembered how strange his stepfather had behaved after. For example, Crawford, who could not read or write, came to Birkett with a newspaper the following day. He wanted to know what was written about a burnt body that had been found in Lane Cove. Then, on two separate occasions, Birkett believed his now single stepfather had attempted to kill him, only to have a change of heart last minute. Then several months later, Crawford married a new woman and was rarely seen again. In June 1920, young Birkett approached the police and informed them about his missing mother. He also told them of his stepfather’s strange behaviour. The police managed to retrieve the shoes and jewellery that belonged to the unidentified woman. Birkett recognised them immediately as his mother’s and could even recall when his stepfather had repaired one of the soles. Harry Crawford was arrested at the Empire Hotel in Annandale on suspicion of murdering Annie Birkett. Crawford was to be held in prison until he faced court in what would be a pretty standard domestic murder case. However, events were about to take an incredible turn when Crawford requested to be held in a cell for women. The request, being most preposterous, was dismissed outright. Finally, however, Harry Crawford revealed his life’s biggest secret. He had been born a female. Eugenia Falleni (Eugene Falleni) was born in Italy in 1875. From a young age, she wore masculine clothing and engaged in traditionally male occupations. In her teens, she ran away to be a ‘cabin boy’ on a ship. However, she was eventually discovered to be female and subsequently fell pregnant. She disembarked at New South Wales in 1898, gave birth to a baby daughter left in the care of an Italian woman in Sydney, took on the alias of Harry Crawford, and lived a man’s life. At age 39, Falleni married Annie Birkett, who believed Falleni was a biological male. The media went crazy for this story, and the case of The Man-Woman Murderess went international. Eugene Falleni was ridiculed and labelled a freak and degenerate. When appearing at court, he was greeted by a large crowd of curious people wanting to glimpse the infamous prisoner that arrived dressed in a man’s suit, tie and hat. Falleni pleaded not guilty and was committed for trial with refused bail. The trial was one of the most sensational in Australian history, with the public galleries full to capacity. This time Falleni chose to dress as a woman. His solicitors argued the Crown had no proof the body was that of Annie Birkett. Furthermore, their evidence against their client was circumstantial; hence it could not be proven beyond reasonable doubt that Falleni committed murder. Unfortunately for Falleni, the jury found him guilty of murder, and the judge sentenced him to death by hanging. However, the state premier intervened and announced that the cabinet had decided to commute the sentence to life in prison. Eugenia Falleni was sent to the Long Bay Women’s Reformatory and lived as a woman until being granted early release in 1931 on the condition that he remain living as a woman. Adopting a new name, Jean Ford, he operated a boarding house in Paddington until dying after being hit by a car on Oxford Street in 1938. We will never know if Falleni was genuinely guilty of killing poor Annie Birkett. Still, we can say that he was a truly extraordinary person in Lane Cove history. -------------------------- Elliot Lindsay hosts Murders Most Foul, Sydney’s True Crime Walking Tours. https://murdersmostfoul.com/ Insta: https://www.instagram.com/murdersmostfoul/ FB: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100070235298375 ==================================================== Cave photo by Elliot Lindsay

Artist Natasha Chabadova Paints Whale Spirits Natasha Chabadova’s art on the cover of this issue of Neighbourhood Media speaks to her travel and spiritually-inspired art background. Titled Spirit Reunion, and from her Cenote Collection, it shows humpback and shark whale spirits uniting, and invites viewers to dive into their inner worlds and experience release. Chabadova wants readers to look and “see the magical world [and] feelings of liberation and curiosity. The whales trust the process of life, even though they may lead to the unknown. The act of dreaming, travelling, jumping, flowing whales and hanging plants symbolises this feeling of release, ease, exhale and liberation all people need to live a harmonious life.” After living in Dee Why over the past four years, Chabadova is currently visiting family in Slovakia with plans for a group exhibition with her mum on the theme of cenotes (underground caves sacred to the ancient Maya). Natasha Chabadova Travels “I started to paint cenotes many years ago inspired by my travels around Mexico, Yucatan,” Chabadova shares. “When I moved to Australia and lived in Cairns, the whale migration season had started, and I created a very dreamy cenote reversed painting with three different whales.” “I paint these mystical places in dreamlike abstracts and realistic forms,” she says. Recently, her painting Cenote Whale Constellation was selected to feature as a mural on a famous sea wall in Bondi Beach, which visitors can visit until later this year. Chabadova found her passion for art, culture and travel at a young age. She hosted her first exhibition at 19 in her Slovakian hometown before continuing to exhibit in other cities around the country. Her paintings began to be purchased worldwide, “It made me so happy when I reached the first 100 sold paintings.” “Visiting different countries, seeing world galleries and at the same time exhibiting and selling my artworks was a dream that gradually turned into reality,” Chabadova shares, “I have travelled to several countries, of which I was particularly interested in Mexico and Australia, where I draw inspiration when painting to this day.” “Every technique I tried, and every country/landscape I saw, gave me new impulses and ideas that shaped my style. Painting straight on canvas feels free and relaxing, like swimming in the ocean.” NatashaArt Studio Over the years, she started "NatashaArt,” which evolved into a creative space and studio alongside a brand name to sell her work under. She adds, “My creative process can never miss good music and a cup of coffee.” When Chabadova relocated to the Northern Beaches, she had a desire to introduce art and music to balance a culture oriented toward outdoor activities and sports. She started supporting younger generations through art and music education, which developed into a variety of art workshops and sound healing therapies with guided meditations helping adults and children in their path of self-discovery, self-development and harmony. “Some very special events included art and sound healing retreats, which were a combination of sound healing with various healing instruments, exploring art, spirituality, beauty, relaxation and a healthy lifestyle focused on the four elements (fire, air, water, earth). I also enjoy holding sound healing events on various beaches in Australia.” “I am very happy to see change,” she says on noticing more art and music classes and events on the rise in the Northern Beaches. “My teachings are all about inspiring others and myself, so when I see my clients and students becoming sound healers or focusing more on creating art, it feels like my mission was successful.” For aspiring artists, Chabadova encourages them to “be true and free to express themselves and their work. Artists should always follow their inner calling, inner essence and pay attention to their intuition.” Chabadova closed her Sydney studio before returning home to Slovakia, but she hints at a potential new studio in a different location upon her return to Australia. In the meantime, she encourages readers to engage with a guided meditation accompanying her cover art on her YouTube @Chabadovaart2387. She looks forward to unveiling her new works currently in progress while she’s based in Europe. To stay updated with Chabadova’s ventures, visit her website at natashaa.com/en/ or follow her on YouTube at @magic.missioner.

More on Cronulla While they excite the crowds with their on-field exploits, playing to multiple sellouts at their home ground of PointsBet Stadium, much of the Sharks' best work might be carried out away from the spotlight and the adoring fans. But while the players now take a well-earned break from training and playing, something that never rests is the Sharks commitment to community causes, organisations, events and activities. Through its community arm Sharks Have Heart, the Cronulla club has earned a reputation as the ‘Community Club’ by utilising the profile of the players, now both men and women, as well as the game of rugby league to create social impact and bring about meaningful change. From One Heart, which contributes to strength in diversity and social participation, to Heart to Heart and its aim to rebuild and reinforce a flourishing network of volunteers to participate in flexible and dynamic roles and in supporting a thriving sport sector in the Sutherland Shire, Sharks Have Heart is a crucial part of the Club’s overall business. And although members of both the NRL and NRLW squads are active participants in Sharks Have Heart programs, two players have been singled out for special recognition in going above and beyond in their commitment to the community. Earlier this year Toby Rudolf, one of the NRL’s personality players, known as much for his long flowing locks and ‘Sampson-like’ appearance as for his on-field performances, teamed up with the Leukaemia Foundation's World's Greatest Shave, an event which saw the popular Shark raise $43,000 for the cause. In the 25th year of the national fundraising initiative, Rudolf became the second-highest fundraiser nationally in the Individual Fundraiser category in 2023. His community spirit certainly didn’t go unnoticed, with Rudolf then recognised by the NRL as a Finalist for the prestigious Ken Stephens Medal 'Man of the Year’, an award presented to the player deemed to be making the most significant contribution to the community over the course of the year. Should Rudolf, who also led the way when it came to fan and community engagement in many other Sharks Have Heart programs, be crowed Ken Stephen Medallist, he would follow in the footsteps of teammate Ronaldo Mulitalo, the recipient of the award in 2022. To have back-to-back winners of the Medal would further solidify the Sharks status as the community engagement leader amongst all NRL clubs. Then further building on the work being carried out by the boys, has been the addition of the NRLW women’s team in 2023, with an eager and enthusiastic group all looking to also have an impact in the community and to inspire the next generation. While all the Sharks women’s squad have played their part, Jada Taylor, a proud Gamilaroi woman originally from Tamworth in Northern NSW, has been at the forefront in delivering the Deadly Choices Indigenous Health, along with anti-racism programs, to students in the Sutherland Shire. Visiting Primary and Secondary schools, Taylor has been instrumental in supporting health education, promoting required health checks and wellbeing support. Like Rudolf, Taylor’s work hasn’t gone unnoticed by the NRL, emphasised by her nomination as a Finalist for the Veronica White Medal - Woman of the Year, the NRLW’s equivalent to the Ken Stephen. Two singled out and celebrated, however at the Sharks it’s a team effort on and off the field, with the community the beneficiary.

What comes to mind when you think of Dee Why? If you thought of beautiful beaches, you would be right. But, we also know that where there is a beautiful beach, there is beautiful seafood. More on Dee Why By Ashie Luke You can’t beat enjoying hot fish and chips after a long day swimming or laying out on the sand, and, with the seafood Dee Why has to offer, you’ll want to enjoy it regardless of the occasion. Image source: Amoretti Our Pick of Seafood Restaurants in Dee Why Here are our top seafood restaurants in Dee Why. Steve Costi’s Famous Fish Steve Costi’s Famous Fish is where taste, affordability, and quality come together. They have all the classics such as battered fish and chips, calamari, and even a barramundi burger. If you don’t have time to eat then and there, Steve Costi’s Famous Fish sells fresh seafood for purchase to enjoy at home. If you love your food from the sea to your plate, Steve Costi’s Famous Fish is the spot for you. Shop 19, 15-19 Pacific Parade Dee Why, NSW 2099 02 9981 1495 www.costi.com.au Stella Blu When you’re eating seafood, there is nothing better than enjoying the best of the ocean with a seafront view. Stella Blu creates Italian cuisine mixed with fresh seafood in an elegant dining experience. A perfect date night location to enjoy champagne and seafood platters or to try something new with friends, like squid ink spaghetti. Stella Blu has something for everyone and is truly a delightful place to enjoy a great meal, so look no further for your next dining out experience. 18 The Strand, Dee Why, NSW 2099 02 9982 7931 www.stellablu.com.au D.Y. Seafoods If you’re looking for a quick and easy solution to fixing dinner after a long day at work, then D.Y. Seafoods should be your go-to. They whip up your favourites in a short amount of time, which is perfect for busy Dee Why locals. Whether you love burgers, fish, chips, salad, or even a chiko roll, D.Y. Seafoods has you covered for all your takeaway picks. We recommend ordering in over the weekend and having an at-home seafood picnic. 2/9 Oaks Ave Dee Why, NSW 2099 02 9972 4449 www.menulog.com.au/restaurants-d-y-seafoods-dee-why-sydney/menu So, if you’re ever craving seafood, you know that Dee Why is packed with choices. Now you just need to decide whether you are in the mood for something new, a classic takeaway, or a complete dining experience. No matter your choice, Dee Why’s seafood selection will have you hooked.

Welcome to Neighbourhood Media's next instalment of the Marrickville History series, the Gumbramorra Swamp More on Marrickville By ALEC SMART When Britons colonised Sydney in 1788, much of what is now South Marrickville was an impenetrable quagmire connected to the Cooks River. Now, in the 21st Century, despite over 200 years of ditches, dams and drainage, the area is still prone to flooding, especially when storms roll in during high tide. This is the history of Gumbramorra Swamp. Unwins Bridge over Cooks River, Marrickville, 1874 This is part 2 of a two-part series. Read Marrickville History part 1 here . Wardell's Estate Marrickville wasn’t actually named ‘Marrickville’ until Nov 1861, when William Dean, publican of the Marrick Hotel on Illawarra Road (now the site of the Henson Park Hotel) proposed it for the newly developing suburb. Previously, from 1809, a large part of the region was enclosed within barrister Robert Wardell’s 800 hectare estate, which stretched from Petersham to the Cooks River. After Wardell was murdered by escaped convicts on 7 Sept 1834, Thomas Chalder, a wealthy merchant who emigrated from the town of Marrick in North Yorkshire, England, in 1842, purchased a substantial proportion of his estate, which he named ‘Marrick’. Chalder arrived as an ‘agricultural labourer’ but the industrious entrepreneur made his wealth during the 1850s Gold Rush trading a wide variety of consumer goods. In 1855 his ‘Marrick’ estate was subdivided into streets and houses, and formally named ‘Marrickville’ six years later. But it took Chalder 20 years to sell off the subdivisions and recoup his investment. Although he sold land to create Marrickville Public School and the first Marrickville Council chambers, he also lost a lot of money on an iron works foundry and land purchases in Mittagong. Towards the end of his life he was indebted and all he had left was his large house, ‘Heathcote’, which stood where the Southern Cross Hotel now stands on Prince’s Highway, St Peters. History of Gumbramorra Swamp One of the main reasons the Marrick estate was difficult to sell was because much of it was a boggy marshland, known to the Aboriginal clans as Gumbramorra, connected to the tidal Cooks River by the Gumbramorra Creek (now a stormwater drain alongside Tempe Station). A stream that flowed into it from the north was converted to an enclosed drainage channel in 1913 by the Australian Army, because it ran through their newly-acquired barracks on Addison Rd. Now the site of Addi Road community, the civic centre in the midst of the former parade ground is called the Gumbramorra Hall. The swamp, which swelled to double its size during high tides and the wetter months of the year, occupied the region within Victoria Rd to the west and Unwins Bridge Road to the east (the latter of which led to a bridge spanning Cooks River that was constructed by convict labour in 1836). A track traversing through it was shored-up and named Swamp Rd (now Sydenham Rd). Between 1839 and 1842, following a severe drought in NSW, a dam was built across Cooks River between Tempe and Wolli Creek, where the present vehicle bridge on the Prince’s Highway stands. Public demand for a reliable source of freshwater for the expanding city of Sydney identified the Cooks River as the most convenient and reliable, and Alexander Spark, who constructed Tempe House (now surrounded by high-rise apartments in Wolli Creek), successfully pitched the idea to Governor George Gipps. Governor Gipps approved the dam, announcing it would “preserve an inexhaustible supply of fresh water through a course of nearly twenty miles.” However, the ambitious Cooks River Dam, built by convict labour (with sluice gates at its northern end, and paid for by the Colonial Treasury), was a dismal failure as a fresh water supply. Although the bridge atop the dam – with a toll payable to Alexander Spark - created a convenient north-south crossing and many of those involved in its construction settled in the region, the water beneath remained unpotable and brackish due to centuries of tidal sea salt and recent industrial effluent. Furthermore, it quickly became an environmental disaster as it stranded species of migratory fish, trapped silt above its walls and, worse, collected toxic pollution from upstream industries like tanneries, the Canterbury Sugar Mill (operating 1842-54), and, on the opposite bank, Clissold and Hill Wool Washing (operating 1868-75). Several infanticides were also reported of unwanted babies drowned in the river whose bodies washed down to the dam wall whilst household waste and sewerage from cesspits and home chamber pots dumped upstream congealed at the stinking dam wall. In the 1890s a health inspector found cows drinking the water were infected with typhoid. The dam itself became submerged by floodwaters frequent times until its demolition between 1896-99. Population Growth Surge in Marrickville The construction of a lime kiln at Tempe in the 1850s brought a huge influx of labourers, many of which set up camps along the Cooks River and around Botany Bay. Shells, sourced from the shoreline or Aboriginal middens thousands of years old, were piled onto boats and rowed to the Tempe kiln. There they were burned and used for mortar in house construction. However, the area was prone to flooding and makeshift camps were often submerged during seasons of heavy rain. In 1881, during a year of drought, town planners adopted an ill-conceived scheme to construct a suburb for labourers in south Marrickville, on the edge of the Gumbramorra Swamp. A tramway (now Victoria Road) was constructed along the western boundary of the sodden quagmire that led to this new suburb, known as ‘Tram Vale’ where 160 residential allotments were created on either side of Railway Pde adjacent to Marrickville (now Sydenham) Station. Tram Vale Flooding, May 1889 – Illustrated Sydney News Tram Vale Flooding in Gumbramorra Swamp But, in addition to the susceptibility of the Gumbramorra to flood in heavy rains (and plagued by mosquitoes in summer), authorities failed to construct adequate sewage drains. Tram Vale soon developed a reputation as, literally, a shithole, and the stench could be smelt several kilometres away. In May 1889, after five days of intense rain, the entire Tram Vale was completely submerged by 3.5 metres of water, and many residents had to be rescued by boats. Those that could afford it relocated, whilst authorities allowed Tram Vale to deteriorate without repairs in the wake of the flood. However, the poorest remained in their flood-damaged stinking homes for many years until the area was eventually rezoned for industrial units by the NSW Govt at the turn of the century. A few of the original houses remain today amidst factories and warehouses. Gumbramorra swamp was not drained and levelled enough to reliably build upon until after the 1890s, when three brick-lined, concrete-covered stormwater drains were built to extract water to the Cooks River. Eventually, during the 1930s Great Depression, the NSW Govt’s Department of Public Works relief work program utilised unemployed labourers to construct a huge drainage pit nine metres deep and 170 x 125 metres wide. The Sydenham Stormwater Basin (now Heritage-listed) with pumping station alongside, was completed in 1941 and is still located next to Garden St, Marrickville (adjacent to the current Metro Rail station construction works). Neighbourhood Media has written histories of several suburbs in Sydney. Read more on Balmain history here , Cronulla history here , and history of Sydney ferries here . =======================================